Trusted Climate Science Sources
Our whitelist and redlist are curated from the world's leading climate frameworks and scientific reports. These authoritative sources provide the scientific foundation, methodologies, and implementation roadmaps that inform our classification system.
How These Frameworks Work Together
IPCC
Provides the scientific foundation and assessment of what is physically possible
Project Drawdown
Identifies and quantifies specific solutions with measurable impact
Climate Champions
Mobilizes non-state actors and sets breakthrough targets for implementation
UNFCCC
Provides the official UN framework linking all stakeholders to national climate commitments
Together, they form the authoritative basis for the ERI Whitelist and Redlist classification system.
Climate Champions
UN Climate Change High-Level Champions
Led by the UN Climate Change High-Level Champions and the Marrakech Partnership, Climate Champions provides a practical approach to closing the implementation gap, directing finance to where it is needed most, and aligning global systems with climate and economic resilience.
2030 Climate Solutions Framework
The 2030 Climate Solutions outline the transformations needed to halve emissions, enhance resilience, and mobilize climate finance by 2030. This framework provides an implementation roadmap for systemic change across key sectors from food to finance, focusing on real-economy shifts including accelerating clean energy, redesigning supply chains, reforming financial flows, and embedding resilience.
Breakthrough Agenda
Sector-specific 2030 breakthrough targets across energy, transport, industry, and nature sectors. Part of the broader Race to Zero campaign, which mobilizes over 17,000 members committed to halving emissions by 2030.
Key Publications
- 2030 Climate Solutions: An Implementation Roadmap
- Truly Global: A Regional Outlook on the 2030 Climate Solutions
Project Drawdown
Science-Based Climate Solutions Research
Project Drawdown is the world's leading guide to science-based climate solutions. The organization identifies, evaluates, and ranks the most effective climate solutions using rigorous scientific methodology to quantify the impact of each solution.
What is "Drawdown"?
Drawdown is the point in time when levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere stop climbing and start to steadily decline. Project Drawdown seeks to determine how and when we can reach this critical threshold using technologies and practices that are currently available, growing in scale, and financially viable.
Rigorous Methodology
To be included in Project Drawdown's solution set, technologies and practices must be currently available, growing in scale, financially viable, able to reduce greenhouse gas concentrations, have a net positive impact, and have sufficient data available for assessment. Research fellows with extensive subject area expertise review existing scientific literature and use simulation models to calculate greenhouse gas reductions, implementation costs, and operating savings for the period 2020-2050.
Scenario Modeling
- Scenario 1: Solutions adopted at realistically vigorous rate (corresponds to limiting warming to 2°C)
- Scenario 2: Solutions adopted at more ambitious rate (corresponds to limiting warming to 1.5°C)
- Maximum: Solutions fully replace conventional technologies within competitive markets
Key Tools & Resources
- Drawdown Explorer: Comprehensive database of climate solutions
- Drawdown Roadmap: Science-based strategy for accelerating solutions
- Climate Solutions 101: Free online course on climate action
- Open Source Models: Python and Excel versions available on GitHub
UNFCCC 2030 Climate Solutions
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
The UNFCCC 2030 Climate Solutions is an implementation roadmap developed by the High-Level Climate Champions and the Marrakech Partnership for Global Climate Action. It provides a coherent framework for accelerating climate action across sectors and systems to achieve a net-zero, nature-positive, and climate-resilient future by 2030.
Connection to Paris Agreement
The UNFCCC is the international treaty framework that established the Paris Agreement in 2015. The Paris Agreement's central aim is to strengthen the global response to climate change by keeping global temperature rise this century well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C.
Comprehensive Framework
Compiled to support the first Global Stocktake, this framework brings together multiple initiatives into a coherent implementation roadmap:
Integrated Initiatives
- Climate Action Pathways: Sector-specific transformation pathways
- 2030 Breakthroughs: Breakthrough targets for key economic sectors
- Breakthrough Agenda: International action in major emitting sectors
- Race to Resilience: Build resilience of 4 billion vulnerable people
- Race to Zero: Halve global emissions by 2030
Marrakech Partnership
The Marrakech Partnership for Global Climate Action strengthens collaboration between governments and non-Party stakeholders (businesses, investors, cities, regions, civil society) to lower emissions and increase resilience. It provides a framework for continued engagement of all actors involved in implementation of climate action.
Key Feature
Unlike other frameworks, UNFCCC 2030 Climate Solutions operates within the official UN climate process, providing a direct link between non-state actor commitments and national government climate plans (Nationally Determined Contributions and National Adaptation Plans).
Visit UNFCCC Website
IPCC Assessment Reports
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
The IPCC is the United Nations body for assessing the science related to climate change. Established in 1988, the IPCC prepares comprehensive Assessment Reports about the state of scientific, technical, and socio-economic knowledge on climate change, its impacts, and response options.
Sixth Assessment Report (AR6)
The most recent comprehensive assessment cycle (2021-2023) consists of three working group reports and a synthesis report. Working Group III focuses specifically on "Mitigation of Climate Change" and provides an updated global assessment of climate change mitigation progress, examining the sources of global emissions and explaining developments in emission reduction and mitigation efforts.
Comprehensive Coverage
The Working Group III report includes 17 chapters covering:
- • Emissions trends and drivers
- • Mitigation pathways
- • Energy systems
- • Agriculture and forestry
- • Urban systems
- • Buildings
- • Transport
- • Industry
- • Cross-sectoral perspectives
- • National policies
- • International cooperation
- • Investment and finance
- • Innovation and technology
- • Sustainable development
Scientific Authority
Unlike Project Drawdown or Climate Champions which focus on specific solutions, the IPCC provides scientific assessment of climate change and mitigation options, mitigation pathways showing different scenarios for achieving climate goals, and policy-relevant (but not policy-prescriptive) information through comprehensive review of peer-reviewed scientific literature.
Credibility & Impact
- Thousands of scientists from around the world contribute as authors and reviewers
- Rigorous peer-review process ensures scientific accuracy
- Government approval of summary documents ensures policy relevance
- Considered the most authoritative source on climate science globally
- Awarded Nobel Peace Prize in 2007
Role in Climate Solutions
The IPCC does not prescribe specific solutions but provides the scientific foundation that informs all other climate frameworks. Its assessment of mitigation pathways, emission reduction potentials, and technological options forms the evidence base that Climate Champions, Project Drawdown, and UNFCCC frameworks build upon.
Explore Climate Solutions Based on These Frameworks
Browse our curated whitelist and redlist informed by these authoritative sources